Multicomponent Petasis reaction for the identification of pyrazine based multi-target directed anti-Alzheimer's agents: In-silico design, synthesis, and characterization.

TitleMulticomponent Petasis reaction for the identification of pyrazine based multi-target directed anti-Alzheimer's agents: In-silico design, synthesis, and characterization.
Publication TypeJournal Article
Year of Publication2023
AuthorsMadhav H, Abdel-Rahman SA, Hashmi MAmiruddin, Rahman MAtaur, Rehan M, Pal K, Nayeem SM, Gabr MT, Hoda N
JournalEur J Med Chem
Volume254
Pagination115354
Date Published2023 Jun 05
ISSN1768-3254
KeywordsAcetylcholinesterase, Alzheimer Disease, Amyloid beta-Peptides, Cholinesterase Inhibitors, Drug Design, Humans, Molecular Docking Simulation, Neuroblastoma, Neuroprotective Agents, Structure-Activity Relationship
Abstract

Multi-target directed ligands (MTDLs) have recently attracted significant interest due to their exceptional effectiveness against multi-factorial Alzheimer's disease. The present work described the development of pyrazine-based MTDLs using multicomponent Petasis reaction for the dual inhibition of tau-aggregation and human acetylcholinesterase (hAChE). The molecular structure of synthesized ligands was validated by 1H & 13C NMR and mass spectrometry. The screened compounds were shown to have a strong inhibitory effect at 10 μM concentration against tau-oligomerization and hAChE, but only moderate inhibitory activity against Aβ42. Among all the compounds, the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) for 21 and 24 against hAChE were 0.71 μM and 1.09 μM, respectively, while they displayed half-maximal effective concentrations (EC50) values of 2.21 μM and 2.71 μM for cellular tau-oligomerization, respectively. Additionally, an MTT experiment using tau-expressing SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells revealed that 21 was more neuroprotective than the FDA-approved medication donepezil. Furthermore, an MD simulation study was performed to investigate the dynamics and stability of AChE-21 and AChE-24 complexes in an aqueous environment. The MM-PBSA calculations were performed to evaluate the binding of 21 and 24 with AChE, and the relative binding energy was calculated as -870.578 and -875.697 kJ mol-1, respectively. As a result, the study offered insight into the design of new MTDLs and highlighted 21 as a potential roadblock to the development of anti-AD medications.

DOI10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115354
Alternate JournalEur J Med Chem
PubMed ID37043996
Related Institute: 
Molecular Imaging Innovations Institute (MI3)

Weill Cornell Medicine
Department of Radiology
525 East 68th Street New York, NY 10065