Cartilage tissue remodeling in response to mechanical forces.

TitleCartilage tissue remodeling in response to mechanical forces.
Publication TypeJournal Article
Year of Publication2000
AuthorsGrodzinsky AJ, Levenston ME, Jin M, Frank EH
JournalAnnu Rev Biomed Eng
Volume2
Pagination691-713
Date Published2000
ISSN1523-9829
KeywordsAnimals, Biomechanical Phenomena, Biomedical Engineering, Cartilage, Cell Survival, Chondrocytes, Extracellular Matrix, Extracellular Matrix Proteins, Gene Expression, Humans, Models, Biological
Abstract

Recent studies suggest that there are multiple regulatory pathways by which chondrocytes in articular cartilage sense and respond to mechanical stimuli, including upstream signaling pathways and mechanisms that may lead to direct changes at the level of transcription, translation, post-translational modifications, and cell-mediated extracellular assembly and degradation of the tissue matrix. This review focuses on the effects of mechanical loading on cartilage and the resulting chondrocyte-mediated biosynthesis, remodeling, degradation, and repair of this tissue. The effects of compression and tissue shear deformation are compared, and approaches to the study of mechanical regulation of gene expression are described. Of particular interest regarding dense connective tissues, recent experiments have shown that mechanotransduction is critically important in vivo in the cell-mediated feedback between physical stimuli, the molecular structure of newly synthesized matrix molecules, and the resulting macroscopic biomechanical properties of the tissue.

DOI10.1146/annurev.bioeng.2.1.691
Alternate JournalAnnu Rev Biomed Eng
PubMed ID11701528
Grant ListAR33236 / AR / NIAMS NIH HHS / United States
AR45779 / AR / NIAMS NIH HHS / United States
Related Institute: 
Molecular Imaging Innovations Institute (MI3)

Weill Cornell Medicine
Department of Radiology
525 East 68th Street New York, NY 10065